It is for good reason that virtually every top professional engine builder relies on ARP Pro Series head studs for their all-out competition power plants. Simply stated, there's not a better stud setup on the market today.
For openers, ARP uses a premium grade 8740 alloy that is rated far superior to "aircraft" quality. Then, each stud is placed vertically in special racks and precisely heat-treated to 200,000 psi. This procedure ensures complete heat penetration and the results are far superior to those lesser quality studs from other manufacturers who just dump pieces in a basket and hope for the best.
Following heat-treat, each stud is centerless ground to make it as close to perfectly concentric as possible. This procedure involves about ten very slight cuts and results in an exceptionally straight part. It's important to note that lesser quality studs are not even centerless ground – the material is thread rolled in bar stock form (mostly before heat-treat, when the material is easier to machine). Because ARP studs are manufactured to such exacting tolerances, you will note that gaskets and cylinder heads literally glide into position and are perfectly aligned – something that won't happen with inferior quality head studs.
ARP studs are thread rolled after heat-treat, which gives them about 1000% (that's ten times) better fatigue strength than those studs that are threaded prior to heat-treat (a very common industry practice). It costs a lot more to do it this way, because it's tough on tooling, but the results are well worth the extra effort.
Premium quality heat-treated 8740 chrome moly steel head stud kits are available for most every domestic and import applications. You won't find a better quality stud on the market from any other source. Look for ARP stamped on each stud as your assurance of quality.