Vertical valve tubing,Traditionally, flugelhorns are made with vertical valve tubing.
Hand-lapped pistons and slides ensures an absolutely perfect fit and seal between the pistons and casing or slide parts. Such a perfect fit helps achieve smooth air flow and smooth action and improve the response and intonation of the instrument.
Perfectly rounded tubing results in less turbulence and a smoother airflow, thus allowing for an excellent scale and reduced resistance.